<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>项目名称</strong>:国内某轨道交通项目</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>使用软件</strong>:岩土分析软件OptumG2</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>项目信息</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501838387134549.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">图1 隧道和地表建筑物的相对关系</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501838667166905.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">图2 隧道和地表建筑物的相对关系(纵断面)</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>项目建模</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836160107902.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">图3 模型建立</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">注:图中红线为用于方便读取相应位置结果数据的结果截面,对计算没有影响。</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">为了避免边界条件的对隧道周围岩土体的影响,边界范围取为距隧道中心的距离为隧道宽度的6倍。</p><p style="text-align: justify;">岩土材料采用Mohr-Coulomb材料模型来模拟,衬砌采用板单元来模拟。</p><p style="text-align: center;">表1 岩土参数</p><table align="center" width="659"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td valign="middle" style="word-break: break-all; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127);" align="center" width="68">编号</td><td valign="middle" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="108">名称</td><td valign="middle" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="87"><p>重度</p><p>kN/m3</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="108"><p>弹性模量</p><p>MPa</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="88">泊松比</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="89"><p>粘聚力</p><p>kPa</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="110">内摩擦角</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="68">1</td><td valign="middle" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="108">素填土</td><td valign="middle" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="87">20</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="108">80</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="88">0.25</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="89">2</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="110">30</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="68">2</td><td valign="middle" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="108">泥质砂岩</td><td valign="middle" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="87">25.6</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="108">1601</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="88">0.2</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="89">516</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="110">32.5</td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: center;">表2 衬砌参数</span></p><table align="center" width="659"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="126">成熟状态<br/></td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="126">单元类型</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="79"><p>厚度</p><p>m</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="153">混凝土型号</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="174">最大网格大小</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="126">未成熟</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="126">板单元</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="79">0.28</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="153">C25 未成熟</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="174">0.2</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="126">成熟</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="126">板单元</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="79">0.35</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="153">C25</td><td valign="middle" style="border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="174">0.2</td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: center;">表3 锚杆参数</p><table align="center" width="659"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="74"><p>长度</p><p>m</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="118"><p>环相间距</p><p>m</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="118"><p>纵向间距</p><p>m</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="96"><p>屈服力</p><p>kN/m</p></td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="252"><p>锚杆和土体间的粘结力</p><p>kPa</p></td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="74">3.0</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="118">0.6</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="118">0.5</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="96">300</td><td valign="middle" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(127, 127, 127); word-break: break-all;" align="center" width="252">18</td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836216363068.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">图4 锚杆和衬砌支护图</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>开挖步骤</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">采用台阶法进行隧道开挖,大致开挖步骤如下:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(1)隧道范围分为左、右洞错开挖掘,先开挖右洞上台阶;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(2)上台阶进约4-5m后,开挖右洞下台阶;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(3)待右洞整个断面掘进30m后,再开挖左洞上台阶;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(4)同样,之后再开挖左洞的下台阶。</p><p style="text-align: justify;">对单独的每一步开挖采用如下流程进行:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(1)开挖隧道,并对洞壁约束松弛30%;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(2)对洞壁约束松弛70%,同时施加锚杆和喷射混凝土,混凝土采用未成熟,即强度较低的C25混凝土;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(3)对洞壁约束松弛100%,即移除约束,提高混凝土强度,降混凝土强度提升至C25标准强度。</p><p style="text-align: justify;">具体开挖流程如下图所示:</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836238327815.png" alt="image.png"/> <img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836244593097.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">开挖(1) 开挖(2)</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836260757933.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">开挖(3)</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836272312093.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">开挖(4)</p><p style="text-align: center;">图5 隧道开挖步骤</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>地表沉降结果</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836285954330.png" alt="image.png"/> <img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836291746498.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">(1)开挖右洞上台阶 (2)开挖右洞下台阶</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836301984846.png" alt="image.png"/> <img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836306648546.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">(3)开挖左洞上台阶 (4)开挖左洞下台阶</p><p style="text-align: center;">图6 隧道开挖地表沉降结果</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836318726171.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">图7 隧道开挖地层沉降云图</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>地表水平位移结果</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836328657743.png" alt="image.png"/> <img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836332655208.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">(1)开挖右洞上台阶 (2)开挖右洞下台阶</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836337795733.png" alt="image.png"/> <img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501836341357766.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">(3)开挖左洞上台阶 (4)开挖左洞下台阶</p><p style="text-align: center;">图8 隧道开挖地表水平位移结果</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>基础沉降</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">隧道开挖引起的地层位移范围内受影响建筑的基础最大沉降如下图所示。其中:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(1)A – 水平方向1.7mm,竖直方向37.5mm</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(2)泵 – 水平方向-17.2mm,竖直方向31.6mm</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(3)B – 水平方向-13.8mm,竖直方向21.2mm</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(4)C – 水平方向-1.4mm,竖直方向-0.5mm</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="
https://wen.kulunsoft.com/uplo ... ot%3B title="1501838826328147.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="text-align: center;">图9 隧道开挖基础沉降</p><p style="text-align: justify;">根据《建筑地基基础设计规范》GB 50007-2011表5.3.4中的规定,体型简单的高层建筑基础的允许平均沉降量为200mm。若考虑安全系数为2,那么受影响的地表建筑基础最大沉降为75mm,小于允许沉降,因此,建筑基础受隧道开挖的影响在规范允许范围内。</p>